Proto-Indo-European Roots
| Root/Stem: | *ou-, *ou-g- |
| Meanings: | cold |
| Cognates: | |
| Hellenic | Greek ugros 'wet' - is hardly a cognate |
| Celtic | Common Celtic *ougro- 'cold', > Gaulish ogros, Old Irish uar, Welsh oer, Cornish oir, Irish & Scottish fuar |
| Indic | Sanskrit údhar 'coldness' |
| Armenian | Armenian hov 'cold', ucanam 'get cold' |
| Iranian | Avestan aota 'cold wind', aodar@- 'coldness' |
| Baltic | Lithuanian aušti 'to be cold', Latvian auksts 'cold' |
| Notes: | The pure root was evidently *ou-, with different so-called determinatives like *-g-, *-k- and other, which served to fill the Proto-Indo-European vocabulary. At all, there can be only about 600-700 pure Indo-European roots found, but practically each of them has its different stems with determinatives added to the root. |