Proto-Indo-European Roots

Proto-Indo-European Roots

*Root/Stem:*	*legh-

*Meanings:*	to lie

*Cognates:*	Greek *lekhos* (a couch), *lekhetai* (he sleeps)
	Latin *lectus* (a bed) > Spanish *lecho* (a bed)
	Common Celtic logó, legó (I lie), > Old Irish *lige* (a grave), *laigim* (I lie), Irish Gaelic *luighim* (I lie), Scottish Gaelic *laighim, Welsh gwely* (a bed), Cornish *gueli, Breton guele, Gaulish legasit* (he lies)
	Common Germanic ligjan (to lie), > Gothic ligan* (to lie), Old English *licgan, Old High German liggan,* Old Swedish & Old Saxon *liggian, Old Frisian liga; Icelandic & Faroese liggja* (to lie), German *liegen, Danish & Norwegian ligge, Swedish ligga, Afrikaans leg, Dutch liggen*
	Lithuanian *lizdas* (a nest) can be a merge of IE nisdo- & legh-, meaning 'nest', 'couch', otherwise this initial l- is of unknown origin
	Common Slavic lezjati (to lie), > Ukrainian & Serbo-Croatian & Slovene lezhati, Bulgarian lezha* (I lie), Macedonian *lezham* (I lie) Czech *lez'eti* (to lie), Slovak *lez'at', Polish & Upper Sorbian lez'ec', Lower Sorbian lez'es', Russian lezhat'* (to lie), *lozhe* (a couch, a bed)

Notes:	Both English *lie* and *lay* derive from this very stem. The absence of this one in "Eastern" languages (Indo-Iranian, Tocharic, Anatolian & others) caused some linguists to state that it used to be dialectal in Proto-Indo-European times.