Proto-Indo-European Roots

Proto-Indo-European Roots

Root/Stem:	*ei-

Meanings:	to go, to walk

Cognates:	Greek *eimi* (I go) - an athematic verb
	Latin eo (I go), *ire* (to go), *iter* (a way) - diphthong ei > i' Umbrian *ier* (they would go), Oscan *ei'tuns* (they had gone), Paelignan *eite* (you go; 2nd pers. pl.)
	Common Celtic itro- (a way) > Old Irish ethaim* (I go), Irish *bóthar* (a road) from **bou-itro-* (cows' way), Gaulish *eimu* (we go)
	Gothic *iddja* (went) - diphthong ei > i
	Tocharic i- (to go), *ytar* (a way)
	Luwian i- (to go)
	Sanskrit *e'ti* (goes), *imas* (we go)
	Avestan *ae'iti* (goes), Old Persian *aitiy* (goes)
	Old Baltic e'iti (to go) > Old Prussian eit* (to go), *eisei* (thou goest); Lithuanian *eiti* (to go); Latvian *iet* (to go), *eimu* (I go)
	Common Slavic **jiti* (to go), jido. (I go) > Belarussian itsi* (to go), Bulgarian *ida* (I go), Sloven *idem* (I go), Chekh *jdu* (I go), Slovak *i'st'* (to go), Lower Sorbian du (I go), Polabian *eit* (to go), Russian *idti* (to go), *idu* (I go)

Notes:	This stem is often irregular and maybe was irregular already in IE Proto-language times. Another opinion is that the stem was just affected by the IE vowel interchange, which made ei > i > e'. English does not have any relatives to the stem, it can be found only in borrowings from Latin: *initial < initium* (a beginning), *itinerate* *< itineris* (of a way) French has the related future and the conditional present of aller (to go) - *j'irai* (I shall go), and also the verb *subir* (to undergo). Also every civilized language, we believe, have such words as *transit* and *ambition*, which are derived from the same stem.